Hot Shrink Fitting of Couplings

Hot fitting of couplings is commonly applied in the installation of heavy-duty equipment such as large motors, compressors and rolling mills, as the couplings and shafts in such equipment are normally connected by interference fit.

Assembly methods for interference-fit components include press fitting, cryogenic shrink fitting and hot shrink fitting. Hot shrink fitting is the primary method adopted at construction sites thanks to its simplicity; it is applicable to components with large diameters (D＞1000 mm) and large interference values. The press fitting method is mostly used for light and medium static fits and requires mechanical equipment such as presses, so it is generally only adopted in manufacturing factories. Cryogenic shrink fitting usually takes liquid nitrogen as the cooling source and requires insulated containers, and thus can only be implemented when adequate conditions are available.

Hot immersion heating for couplings is generally only used for small-sized couplings (inner diameter below 100 mm). This method is easy to operate and delivers uniform heating. The oxyacetylene flame heating method is suitable for heating small components or local areas of large components. Although easy to implement, it requires skilled operation to avoid overheating and damaging the components. For large couplings, the combined heating method using multiple oxyacetylene flame torches and blowtorches can achieve satisfactory results.

Electric heating is an excellent heating method, yet the requirement for dedicated equipment restricts its on-site application. Nevertheless, electric induction heating is a viable option. For medium and large couplings at installation sites, electric induction heating works by passing low-voltage, high-current power at the mains frequency (50 Hz) through an induction coil.

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